INSTITUTIONAL ENVIRONMENT FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT AND ESG TRANSFORMATION OF THE RUSSIAN ECONOMY: MEGA-, MACRO-, MESO- AND MICRO LEVELS
Abstract and keywords
Abstract (English):
The international aspect of the development of the concept of sustainable development (conferences, adopted documents), global transformations that directly or indirectly affect sustainable development and the ESG agenda are considered. Environmental, economic and social challenges that update the sustainable development and ESG agenda are identified. An overview of the theoretical concepts of domestic and foreign scientists related to sustainable development is presented, including the concepts of “green” economy, circular economy, environmental and economic security, “Net Zero by 2050”, “Living Economy”, noospherism, theories of cycles, innovation management , management of sustainable development of active systems, etc. The concept of “sustainable development” is given in the narrow and broad sense of the word, at the macro-, meso- and micro levels. The relationship between sustainable development and the ESG agenda and the stages of development of the “green agenda” at the international level are shown. The role of the Bank of Russia in promoting the concept of sustainable development and ESG is reflected: objectives, priorities. The characteristics of the main stages of state regulation of the transition to the principles of sustainable development at the level of the state, regions and municipalities in the Russian Federation from 2009 to 2023 are given. The issue of developing the law of sustainable development has been updated. The tasks of the federal government bodies and the Bank of Russia for the future, the tasks of the federal Center and regions in the Climate Doctrine of the Russian Federation, adopted in 2023, are outlined. The problems of spatial differentiation of Russian regions and its impact on decarbonization are raised. The need for synchronization of sustainable development policy with spatial development policy, scientific, technical and innovation policy is shown. The possibilities and directions of movement of regions and municipalities towards a “green” economy and a low-carbon development model, as well as the experience of developing climate plans for cities are reflected.

Keywords:
global warming, low-carbon development, energy transition, sustainable development, concept “Net Zero by 2050”, green economy, ESG agenda, ESG modernization, Russian legislation, Bank of Russia, regional indicators of sustainable development, climate plans of cities.
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